important changes. One has to do with the end of Israel’s servitude (14:4 NIV). Most likely this alludes to the end of the Babylonian exile. The other has to do with the symbol of Israel’s servitude, the king of Babylon, who now faces the uncertain future of all ex-tyrants. The references to the pronoun you (sg.) in 14:3–4a allude to Jacob-Israel, identified in the prologue. From its position of rest (in the land), Jacob-Israel cannot resist lifting up a mocking song (taunt) against its oppressor.
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